![]() Many genetic diseases lead to defects in specific organellar functions and, in some cases, this results from faulty protein targeting. This chapter considers the sorting and targeting processes by which newly synthesized proteins are transferred to their sites of function, which may be in the nucleus, in the cytomatrix that occupies the space between organelles, within a membrane, in the luminal cavity of an organelle, or outside the cell. ![]() Completion of this decoding, however, requires the translation of mRNA in ribosomes present in the cytoplasm and the delivery of each newly synthesized polypeptide to its site of function. The nucleus is the site of storage and initial decoding of genomic information. The eukaryotic cell is surrounded by a plasma membrane and is characterized by the presence of a nucleus and many cytoplasmic organelles, which are functionally specialized and also delimited by membranes. ![]()
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